Threatened Flora

Seventy-four species of plants are threatened or near threatened with extinction including endangered (12), vulnerable (30), and near threatened (32) categories under Queensland’s wildlife regulations. Potential extinctions affect 37 families and 64 genera. As the Table illustrates, most are narrowly restricted to the Tweed Caldera area, the Scenic Rim or have relict disjunct populations elsewhere such as, in one case, a single record in the Wet Tropics, reflecting enormous contractions of their former range. In many cases their status is becoming perilous in other status where they occur, as shown in the list below. Most are in lineages of great evolutionary significance contributing to Springbrook’s World Heritage values. The evolutionary potential of ancient lineages has been severely reduced by range contractions.

Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened and rare flora species occurring at Springbrook

Family
Species
Common Name
1994
status
Current Distribution & status by states
Relict Distribution

Q

N

V

T

S

W

NT

A

Apocynaceae

Marsdenia hemiptera

Rusty Vine

3VC

NT

 

 

        

 

 

Marsdenia longiloba

Slender-leaved Milk Vine

3EC

V

E

 

        

 

Y

Ochrosia moorei

Southern Ochrosia

2EC

E

E

 

        

E

Y

Parsonsia tenuis

Slender Silkpod

2RC

V

 

 

        

 

Y

Argophyllaceaae

Argophyllum nullumense

Silver Leaf

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Aristolochiaceae

Pararistolochia laheyana

 

2RC

 

 

 

        

 

 

Pararistolochia praevenosa

Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Vine

—

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Asteraceae

Brachyscome ascendens

Purple Daisy

2VC

NT

E

 

        

 

Y

Olearia heterocarpa

Nightcap Daisy Bush

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Ozothamnus vagans

White Top

2VC

V

E

 

        

V

Y

Ozothamnus whitei

 

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

 

Bignoniaceae

Pandorea baileyana

Large-leaved Wonga Vine

2RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

Y

Campanulaceae

Wahlenbergia glabra

Native Bluebell

2VC

NT

 

 

        

 

SR

Wahlenbergia scopulicola

Cliff Bluebell

2RC

NT

E

 

        

 

 

Corynocarpaceae

Corynocarpus rupestris ssp. arborescens

Southern Corynocarpus

3RC

V

 

 

        

 

SEQ-NNSW

Cucurbitaceae

Trichosanthes subvelutina

Silky Cucumber

3RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

 

Cunoniaceae

Eucryphia jinksii

Springbrook Leatherwood

—

E

 

 

        

 

Y

Cupressaceae

Callitris baileyi

Bailey’s Cypress

—

NT

E

 

        

 

Y

Callitris monticola

Mountain Callitris

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Cyatheaceae

Cyathea cunninghamii

Slender Treefern

3RC

NT

 

 
E
      

 

RD

Cyperaceae

Cyperus semifertilis

Missionary Nutgrass

2VC

V

E

 

        

V

Y

Gahnia insignis

 

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Dryopteridaceae

Lastreopsis silvestris

Mountain Shield Fern

2RC

V

 

 

        

 

Y

Dilleniaceae

Hibbertia hexandra

Tall Hibbertia

3RC

NT

E

 

        

 

RD

Euphorbiaceae

Baloghia marmorata

Jointed Baloghia

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

RD

Fontainea australis

Southern Fontainea

2VC

V

V

 

        

V

Y, TC

Fontainea venosa

Veiny Fontainea

—

V

V

 

        

V

RD

Ricinocarpos speciosus

Wedding Bush

3RC

V

 

 

        

 

SEQ-NNSW

Fabaceae

Acacia orites

Mountain Wattle

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Archidendron muellerianum

Veiny Lace Flower

3VC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Cassia marksiana

Brush Cassia

2RC

V

E

 

        

 

Y

Senna acclinis

Senna

—

NT

E

 

        

 

 

Gyrostemonaceae

Gyrostemon osmus

 

—

E

 

 

        

 

Y

Lamiaceae

Plectranthus argentatus

 

3RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

 

Plectranthus nitidus

Shining Plectranthus

—

E

E

 

        

E

Y

Plectranthus torrenticola

 

—

E

 

 

        

E

SEQ

Westringia blakeana

 

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

 

Westringia rupicola

 

2RC

V

 

 

        

V

SR

Lauraceae

Cryptocarya foetida

Stinking Cryptocarya

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

sn

Endiandra floydii

Crystal Creek Walnut

3RC

E

E

 

        

E

sn

Endiandra hayesii

Rusty Rose Walnut

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

sn

Endiandra introrsa

Dorrigo Plum

—

rare1

 

 

        

 

RD (1 record in Q)

Endiandra muelleri ssp. bracteata

Green-leaved Rose Walnut

—

 

E

 

        

 

 

Laxmanniaceae

Cordyline congesta

 

2RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

 

Lycopodiaceae

Huperzia varia

Long Clubmoss

—

V

 

V

        

 

 

Malvaceae

Rulingia salviifolia

Sage-leaved Rulingia

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y

Menispermaceae

Tinospora tinosporoides

Arrowhead Vine

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

Y

Myrtaceaae

Eucalyptus codonocarpa

Bell-fruited Mallee

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

sn

Gossia fragrantissima

Small-leaved Myrtle

—

E

E

 

        

E

RD

Lenwebbia prominens

Velvet Myrtle

—

NT

 

 

        

 

RD

Leptospermum oreophilum

Mountain Teatree

—

V

 

 

        

 

SEQ

Rhodamnia maideniana

 

2RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

 

Syzygium hodgkinsoniae

Red Lilly Pilly

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

RD

Syzygium moorei

Durobby

2VC

V

V

 

        

V

Y

Orchidaceae

Australorchis schneiderae

Small Moon Orchid

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

TC

Dipodium pulchellum

 

3RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

 

Pterostylis bicornis

Horned Greenhood

2VC

V

E

 

        

V

 

Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii

Ravine Orchid

3EC

E

V

 

        

V

RD

Sarcochilus hartmannii

Cliff Orchid

3EC

V

V

 

        

V

 

Philydraceae

Helmholtzia glaberrima

Giant Stream Lily

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

TC>RD

Picodendraceae

Austrobuxus swainii

Pink Cherry

3RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

RD

Pittosporaceae

Pittosporum oreillyanum

Thorny Pittosporum

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

TC

Poaceae

Arundinella montana

Mountain Reed Grass

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

RD

Polygalaceae

Ericinum ensulifolium

Match Heads

3RC

 

 

 

        

 

 

Primulaceae

Ardisia bakeri

Ardisia

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

Y*

Proteaceae

Alloxylon pinnatum

Tree Waratah

3RC

NT

 

 

        

 

RD

Floydia praealta

Ball Nut

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

TC

Helicia ferruginea

Rusty Helicia

3RC

V

 

 

        

 

TC>RD

Hicksbeachia pinnatifolia

Red Bopple Nut

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

TC>RD

Macadamia integrifolia

Bauple Nut

3VC

V

 

 

        

V

RD

Macadamia tetraphylla

Queensland Nut

2VC

V

V

 

        

V

 

Persoonia volcanica

Mountain Geebung

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

RD

Ranunculaceae

Clematis fawcettii

Northern Clematis

3VC

V

V

 

        

V

SEQ-NNSW

Rubiaceae

Randia moorei

Spiny Gardenia

2VC

E

E

 

        

E

SEQ-NNSW, RD

Rutaceae

Acronychia baeuerlenii

Byron Bay Acronychia

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

TC, RD

Bosistoa transversa

 

3VC

 

V

 

        

V

 

Leionema elatius ssp. beckleri

Tall Phebalium

—

E

V

 

        

 

SEQ-NNSW

Sapindaceae

Cupaniopsis newmanii

Long-leaved Tuckeroo

2RC

NT

 

 

        

 

TC> RD

Diploglottis campbellii

Small-leaved Tamarind

2E

E

E

 

        

E

 

Lepiderema pulchella

Fine-leaved Tuckeroo

2RC

V

V

 

        

 

TC>RD

Sapotaceae

Niemeyera whitei

Rusty Plum

3VC

V

V

 

        

 

 

Scrophulariaceae

Euphrasia bella

Eyebright

2EC

E

V

 

        

V

 

Simaroubaceae

Quassia sp. Mt Nardi

Southern Quassia

3RC

rare1

 

 

        

 

TC

Symplocaceae

Symplocos baeuerlenii

Small-leaved Hazelwood

2VC

V

V

 

        

V

 

Thymelaeaceae

Pimelea umbratica

 

3KC

NT

 

 

        

 

RD

CE — Critically Endangered; E (EN) – Endangered; V – Vulnerable; NT – Near Threatened; SLC – special Least Concern; U – uncommon (VIC); Threatened status in Queensland under the Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006; Australian threatened status under Section 179 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (EPBC Act) (www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species.html);  threatened species under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Version 2012.2 (www.iucnredlist.org/search); Threatened status in NSW last accessed 15/11/2012 (www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedSpeciesApp).
The threatened species distribution in Australian states is based on Australia’s Virtual Herbarium (http://avh.ala.org.au/) last accessed 15/11/2012.
Australian states: Q (Queensland), N (New South Wales), V (Victoria), T (Tasmania), S (South Australia), W (West Australia), NT (Northern Territory), A (Australia); Relict status is listed as Y if evidence indicates a wider distribution previously, SR if restricted to the Scenic Rim (McPherson and Main Ranges in Queensland), RD if relict disjunct populations occur in several locations, SEQ if restricted to parts of the South-east Queensland bioregion, SEQ-NNSW if restricted to the South-east Queensland–Northern New South Wales region of Australia, TC if restricted to the Tweed Caldera area, TC>RD if minor relict disjunct populations occur in addition to the core population in the Tweed Caldera.
* Relict disjunct with 1 known record in the Wet Tropics;
1 Species recorded as rare. Changes on 26 July 2012 (www.ehp.qld.gov.au/wildlife/threatened-species/changes-additions-july-2012.html) to wildlife categories of the Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006 (as in force from 27 July 2012) have resulted in these species being classified as Least Concern.


Lastreopsis silvestris Photo: Peter Woodard

 

Alloxylon pinnatum: Photo M. Fagg © Australian National Botanical Gardens www.anbg.gov.au

 

Eucrhphia jinksii. Photo: © Lui Weber lui.weber@gmail.com

 

Ochrosia moorei:
Photo Glenn Leiper

Helmoltzia glaberrima:
Photo Keith Scott

Helicia ferruginea 
Photo: © Lui Weber lui.weber@gmail.com